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Threats / Synacor / CVE-2024-27443
CVE-2024-27443 · EUVD no mirror located · GCVE no mirror located Verified 2026-08-04

Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) vulnerability

Zimbra Collaboration Suite contains a cross-site scripting vulnerability in the CalendarInvite feature of the webmail classic interface. Attackers can inject malicious JavaScript via crafted calendar headers in email messages.

Verdict

Today item — known-exploited.

A reflected XSS flaw in calendar invitation handling allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in victim browsers without authentication, potentially compromising user sessions and sensitive webmail data.

CISA KEV Yes · 2025-05-194EPSS 0.23632 (verify live)5CVSS 6.1 (CISA)3CISA SSVC Exploitation: active · Automatable: no · Impact: total3Exploit Public PoC / detection · nuclei template14
01

Is it exploitable?

— the evidence, ranked above the score
Reported exploitation
5 independent public reports of in-the-wild exploitation are cataloged.Distinct reporting sources (vendor, incident response, government); open them for the underlying claims.
Exploited in the wild
Listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2025-05-19).
CISA KEV ↗Confirmed
Probability (EPSS)
EPSS 0.23632 — modeled likelihood of exploitation activity.EPSS is a daily-changing model output — open the source for today's value.
Severity / affected
CVSS 6.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N) · Affected: Synacor, Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS). Confirm exact fixed builds in the vendor advisory.CVSS — CISA-assigned via the ADP container (CVE.org), version 3.1; the CNA left no metrics, so CISA's own score is used ahead of NVD.
CISA-ADP ↗Reported
Weakness (CWE)
Mapped to CWE-79 Cross-site Scripting (XSS) — weakness family: Web / client.CWE assignment from the public NVD record (may be stale); the weakness class drives how the flaw is exploited.
NVD ↗Reported
CISA SSVC (triage disposition)
Exploitation: active · Automatable: no · Technical Impact: totalCISA's own stakeholder-specific triage inputs, published in the CVE record (CISA Coordinator role). NOTE: this is CISA's three decision points; the final Act/Attend/Track decision also requires a Mission & Well-being input not published here, so no overall decision is asserted.
CISA-ADP ↗Reported
Currency of the record
CISA added this to its KEV catalog 280 days after the CVE record was published.KEV lag = CISA-KEV dateAdded − CVE.org datePublished; a floor on how long the known-exploited flaw sat in the public record before the federal catalog listed it. Severity/weakness here is CNA- or CISA-assigned (current at disclosure), independent of NVD's analysis backlog.
Public exploit available
Public exploit tooling is catalogued for this CVE (a public proof-of-concept / detection template). Catalog entries: nuclei template. We link the catalog page(s) only — no payload or code is hosted or restated here.Link, never host — the catalog page is the source; basicsecurity.net does not redistribute payloads.
nuclei ↗Confirmed
02

Who’s exploiting it?

— attribution turns risk into urgency
Attribution not established

No confirmed (advisory-backed) threat-actor attribution is established for this record. Absence of a named actor is not absence of compromise — see Coverage & confidence.

03

Why it matters

— the attack path, told twice: adversary, then board
1

Front door — unauthenticated access narrative 1

Attacker
I craft a calendar invitation email with JavaScript payload embedded in the header field.
Business
User receives email appearing legitimate but containing hidden malicious code.
2

Keys to the kingdom — privilege/identity takeover narrative 2

Attacker
I send the malicious email to target users of Zimbra webmail classic interface.
Business
Victims open the calendar invitation in their webmail client.
3

Lateral reach — past segmentation narrative 3

Attacker
I execute arbitrary JavaScript in the victim's browser session when they view the invitation.
Business
Attacker gains ability to steal session cookies, credentials, or perform actions as the authenticated user.
4

Data at risk — exfiltration narrative 4

Attacker
I harvest sensitive emails, contacts, or calendar data from the compromised account.
Business
Confidential business communications and personal information are exposed to unauthorized access.
5

Lights out — disruption & extortion narrative 5

Attacker
I maintain persistence by modifying account settings or forwarding rules.
Business
Ongoing unauthorized access to the mailbox enables data exfiltration and further lateral movement.
04

What to do

— defensible action
  • Remediate per the vendor advisory — confirm the fixed build for your version and verify exposure.1
Say it to the boardA vulnerability with this evidence profile is a defensible budget line, not a backlog ticket — fund the change against the proof above.
05

Coverage & confidence

— what we know, and what we don’t

Established (cited)

  • KEV listing (CISA)
  • EPSS probability (FIRST)
  • 5 reported-exploitation source(s)
  • CVSS 6.1 — CISA-assigned (CVE.org ADP)
  • CISA SSVC triage disposition (CVE.org ADP)
  • CWE weakness mapping (NVD feed — CNA left none)
  • Catalogued by mitre (CNA)
  • Coverage gaps — stated, not hidden

  • No EUVD / GCVE mirror in feed — single-authority dependency for the identifier.
  • EPSS & exposure are time-varying; verify live at the source.
  • Threat-actor attribution not established from feed data — absence of a name is not absence of compromise.
  • No finder/reporter credit recorded in the public CVE entry — the work behind this find is unattributed.
  • Disclosure & credit2
    Catalogued by mitreCNA
    Credited with finding itNo finder named in the public CVE record — the work behind this find is unattributed.