Threats / QNAP / CVE-2020-2509
CVE-2020-2509
· EUVD no mirror located
· GCVE no mirror located
Verified 2026-08-04
QNAP Network-Attached Storage (NAS) vulnerability
QNAP NAS devices are vulnerable to command injection attacks that enable remote code execution. The vulnerability has been actively exploited in the wild.
Verdict
Today item — known-exploited.
Unauthenticated or low-privileged attackers can inject arbitrary commands through QNAP NAS interfaces, achieving remote code execution. Active exploitation and high EPSS score indicate immediate risk to exposed devices.
CISA KEV Yes · 2022-04-115EPSS 0.33381 (verify live)6Exploit Weaponized · public PoC7CVSS 9.8 (CISA)4CISA SSVC Exploitation: active · Automatable: yes · Impact: total4
01
Is it exploitable?
— the evidence, ranked above the scoreExploit available
Fully weaponized — public exploit code is cataloged for this vulnerability.We link the existence of the exploit; we do not host or redistribute payloads.
Reported exploitation
5 independent public reports of in-the-wild exploitation are cataloged.Distinct reporting sources (vendor, incident response, government); open them for the underlying claims.
Exploited in the wild
Listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2022-04-11).
Probability (EPSS)
EPSS 0.33381 — modeled likelihood of exploitation activity.EPSS is a daily-changing model output — open the source for today's value.
Severity / affected
CVSS 9.8 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) · Affected: QNAP, QNAP Network-Attached Storage (NAS). Confirm exact fixed builds in the vendor advisory.CVSS — CISA-assigned via the ADP container (CVE.org), version 3.1; the CNA left no metrics, so CISA's own score is used ahead of NVD.
Weakness (CWE)
Mapped to CWE-77 Command Injection, CWE-78 OS Command Injection — weakness family: Injection.CWE — CNA-assigned (CVE.org); the weakness class drives how the flaw is exploited.
CISA SSVC (triage disposition)
Exploitation: active · Automatable: yes · Technical Impact: totalCISA's own stakeholder-specific triage inputs, published in the CVE record (CISA Coordinator role). NOTE: this is CISA's three decision points; the final Act/Attend/Track decision also requires a Mission & Well-being input not published here, so no overall decision is asserted.
Currency of the record
CISA added this to its KEV catalog 359 days after the CVE record was published.KEV lag = CISA-KEV dateAdded − CVE.org datePublished; a floor on how long the known-exploited flaw sat in the public record before the federal catalog listed it. Severity/weakness here is CNA- or CISA-assigned (current at disclosure), independent of NVD's analysis backlog.
02
Who’s exploiting it?
— attribution turns risk into urgencyAttribution not established
No confirmed (advisory-backed) threat-actor attribution is established for this record. Absence of a named actor is not absence of compromise — see Coverage & confidence.
03
Why it matters
— the attack path, told twice: adversary, then board1
Front door — unauthenticated access narrative 1
Attacker
I identify a QNAP NAS device exposed on the network or internet.
Business
Inventory and asset visibility gaps leave NAS appliances discoverable by threat actors.
2
Keys to the kingdom — privilege/identity takeover narrative 2
Attacker
I craft a malicious input containing shell metacharacters to bypass input validation and inject commands.
Business
Insufficient input sanitization in QNAP firmware creates exploitable attack surface.
3
Lateral reach — past segmentation narrative 3
Attacker
I execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the NAS application process.
Business
Compromised NAS becomes a pivot point for lateral movement and data exfiltration within trusted infrastructure.
4
Data at risk — exfiltration narrative 4
Attacker
I establish persistence and maintain access to stored data and connected systems.
Business
Loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of business-critical files and backups.
04
What to do
— defensible action- Remediate per the vendor advisory — confirm the fixed build for your version and verify exposure.1
Say it to the boardA vulnerability with this evidence profile is a defensible budget line, not a backlog ticket — fund the change against the proof above.
05
Coverage & confidence
— what we know, and what we don’tEstablished (cited)
Coverage gaps — stated, not hidden
Disclosure & credit2
Catalogued by qnapCNA
Credited with finding itOmri Mallis, Yaniv Puyeskiunspecified